Transportation

1. Overland transport

Different refrigeration system is used:

• mechanical
• eutectic plates
• liquid nitrogen (total-loss refrigerant)   

Various vehicle types

• small van
• long container trucks
• train 

2. Sea transport

• good refrigeration system allowed fresh products to be 
• transported up to 40 days
• meat products can be kept up to 23 weeks at -2°C with 
• correct packaging
• containers used can be insulated or refrigerated
• mainly for semi-process / process food
• bulky amount of product

3. Air transport 

• useful for highly perishable products such as fruit and vegetables
• mark-up and profit rule as deciding factors
• products are not refrigerated during transport
• insulated containers are used
• dry ice can also be used